IVF works by using a combination of medicines and surgical procedures to help sperm fertilize an egg, and help the fertilized egg implant in your uterus.

Step 1: Ovulation Induction
Before and during the in vitro fertilization process, your fertility specialist will monitor your ovaries and the timing of the egg release. The doctor will make sure that your ovaries are producing eggs, and that your hormone levels are normal, among other procedures.Most women take fertility medicines or hormones at this time to stimulate the ovaries to produce one or more eggs. Having several eggs available for IVF will increase the chances that you will get pregnant.If you cannot produce any eggs, talk to your doctor about donor eggs for the IVF process.
Step 2: Egg Retrieval
During this step in the IVF process, pain medication is given to reduce any discomfort. Then a very thin needle is passed through the upper vaginal wall. With the use of vaginal ultrasound, fluid is removed from the follicles under gentle suction.Immediately after aspiration of the follicle, the oocyte (egg) is isolated from the follicular fluid. The egg is placed in a culture dish containing nutrient media and then transferred to the incubator.
Step 3: Fertilization
The next step of the IVF process is the fertilization of the egg. A sperm sample is secured, either from your partner or a donor, and the most active sperm is mixed with the egg in a special chamber. Sometimes the sperm is directly injected into the egg. Then, the sperm and egg are placed in an incubator and monitored to make sure that a healthy embryo develops.
Step 4: Embryo Transfer and Implantation
The final step of the IVF process is the embryo transfer. First, the embryos are examined to select the healthiest ones for transfer. To transfer the embryo(s), a speculum is placed into your vagina and the embryo(s) are transferred via a small plastic tube placed through the cervix into the uterine cavity. After the IVF process is complete, bed rest is often advised for around 24 hours.

ICSI has been a tremendous benefit to IVF for over a decade and has revolutionized the treatment for couples that have severe male infertility.

Following diagnoses may be treatable with the help of ICSI
1. Low sperm count
2.Absence of sperm in the ejaculate
3.Impaired sperm’s ability to move
4.Abnormal shape of the sperm
5.Problems with sperm binding to and penetrating the egg
6.Anti-sperm antibodies (immune or protective proteins which attach to and destroy sperm)
7.Prior or repeated fertilization failure with standard IVF methods
8.Frozen sperm collected prior to cancer treatment that may be limited in number and quality Absence of sperm due to blockage

The goal of IUI is to increase the number of sperm that reach the fallopian tubes and subsequently increase the chance of fertilization.
IUI provides the sperm an advantage by giving it a head start, but still requires a sperm to reach and fertilize the egg on its own. It is a less invasive and less expensive option compared to in vitro fertilization.

Indications
IUI treatment may be recommended for any of the following situations:
Male infertility
cervical mucus
Unexplained infertility
If treatment with fertility drugs alone is not successful
If a sperm donor is being used
sexual pain makes intercourse not possible
Some insurance companies require a few cycles of IUI before paying for IVF treatment.

IUI is not recommended for those with:
Blocked fallopian tubes
Severe endometriosis
Previous pelvic infection

Development of a blastocyst is a big step for a tiny new organism and makes it possible for more growth and change to come.

A blastocyst, which is the second stage of a fertilized egg after the morula phase, is getting too big for the cellular constraints that kept it safe. Just like you, though, the new individual isn't ready for the big world—it needs a safe place where it can grow and, well, have more food. Once fertilization has happened it is only about 7 days before the new life implants into the wall of the uterus (which is the womb), but changes have to happen to make sure all goes well, and a few of them are pretty dramatic. While it's not technical terminology, one way to help remember the stage is that the group of cells looks like it has blasted out of a cyst.The biggest advantage of Blastocyst Culture and Transfer method is that it significantly reduces the risk of multiple pregnancies. Also, the pregnancy and implantation success rate is higher in this technique because it is easy to determine the robust embryos after developing for 4-6 days hence only the competent embryo are transferred to uterus.

Laparoscopy and Hysteroscopy are two such surgeries used to diagnose and cure certain female infertility conditions.

Laparoscopy: It is done using a small but significant telescope named ‘Laparoscope’ to which a light source and camera are attached. It enables doctors to see ovaries, outside of uterus and fallopian tubes inside the abdomen. The doctors can perform surgeries while looking inside the abdomen. Laparoscopy is done to determine the causes of infertility, symptoms like pelvic pain & abdominal pain and to check if there are any scar tissues or blockage in the fallopian tubes. The doctors use this technique to treat cysts, endometriosis and fibroids.
Hysteroscopy: A tool called ‘Hysteroscope’ is used to see inside the womb. The tip of the tool is put inside the uterus and trawled gently. A light source and camera are attached to the tool. Hysteroscopy is usually done to determine the cause of abnormal bleeding and to remove growths in the uterus like fibroids & polyps. During the test, the doctor can find and treat the problem at the same time.

Our department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics is committed to deliver all around health care services to women looking for female health needs. We have a dedicated team of obstetricians and gynecologists offering a wide range of services.

Scope of Gynaecology:
a) Diagnosis and treatment of all forms of common gynaecological disorders
b) Cytopathology and pap smear of cervix, LBC, Colposcopy, LEEP and guided biopsy
c) Day care surgery including Dilatation and Curettage, Hysteroscopy, Medical Termination of Pregnancy and Cervical Cerclage.
d) Surfactant Delivery
e) Laparoscopic Surgery of Gynae malignancy
f) Cervical Biopsy, sterilization operation etc
g) Major surgery including Hysterectomy by abdominal/ vaginal/ laparoscopic route
h) Laparoscopy for fibroid and ovarian mass\
i)Conservative surgery for prolapse
j)Investigation and management of infertility